Jül Sezar ile kim çıktı?

Jül Sezar (Latince: Gaius Iulius Caesar, Latince telaffuz: [ˈɡajjʊs ˈjuːlɪ.ʊs ˈkae̯sar]; MÖ 12 Temmuz 100 - MÖ 15 Mart 44), Romalı asker ve Roma Cumhuriyeti'nin son diktatörü olan politik liderdir. Aynı zamanda iyi bir hatip ve güçlü bir yazar olan Sezar, dünya tarihinin en etkili insanlarından birisi olarak kabul edilir. Eylemleriyle Roma Cumhuriyeti'nin Roma İmparatorluğu'na dönüşmesinde ve evlatlığı Augustus'un ilk Roma imparatoru olmasını sağlayacak olayların başlamasında kritik bir rol oynamıştır.

Roma Senatosundaki optimates kliğine mensup muhalifleri Marcus Porcius Cato ve Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus'a karşı, populares kliğine mensup bir politikacı kimliğiyle, Marcus Licinius Crassus ve Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus'la birlikte gayri resmi olarak Roma politik yaşamına birkaç yıllığına yön verecek olan birinci üçlü yönetimi kurdu. Galya'yı fethederek Roma topraklarını Atlas Okyanusu'na kadar genişletti ve aynı zamanda MÖ 55 yılında Britanya'nın Romalılarca ilk işgalini gerçekleştirdi. Triumvirliğin yıkılmasıyla birlikte Pompey ve Senato ile arası açıldı. MÖ 49 yılında Lejyonlarının başında Rubicon nehrini geçmesiyle başlayan iç savaş sonucu Roma dünyasının tartışmasız hâkimi haline geldi.

Hükûmetin kontrolünü ele almasının ardından, Roma toplumu ve yönetimini kapsayan geniş bir reform hamlesi başlattı. Hayat boyu diktatör (dictator perpetuus) ilan edildi ve Cumhuriyet bürokrasisini merkezîleştirdi. Ancak Sezar'ın eski arkadaşlarından Marcus Junius Brutus'un önderliğindeki, Cumhuriyeti eski işleyişine kavuşturmayı hayal eden bir grup senatör tarafından MÖ 15 Mart 44 tarihinde öldürüldü. Suikastın ardından başlayan yeni bir iç savaş, vârisi Gaius Octavianus'un Roma dünyası üzerinde baskın bir otokratik güç haline gelmesine yol açtı. Sezar, suikastten iki yıl sonra, MÖ 42 yılında Senato tarafından resmen kutsanarak Roma tanrılarından biri ilan edildi. Ayrıca vasiyetiyle birlikte ölümünden sonra servetinin bir kısmını Roma halkına dağıttırdı ve her Roma vatandaşına 300.000 sestertius bıraktı.

Sezar'ın hayatı hakkındaki bilgilerin çoğu veya fazlası, askerî seferlerini anlattığı, kendisi tarafından yazılmış olan "Yorumlar" (Commentarii) adlı hatıralarından ve Cicero gibi politik rakiplerinin mektup ve söylevlerinden, Sallustius'un tarihsel yazılarından ve Catullus'un şiirleri gibi çağdaşı kaynaklardan elde edilmiştir. Hayatına dair pek çok ayrıntılı bilgi sonraki yüzyıllarda yaşamış olan Appian, Suetonius, Plutarkhos, Cassius Dio ve Strabon gibi tarihçiler tarafından aktarılmıştır.

Mamurra (fl. 1st century BC) was a Roman military officer who served under Julius Caesar.

Mucia Tertia (fl. 79 – 31 BC) was a Roman matrona who lived in the 1st century BC. She was the daughter of Quintus Mucius Scaevola, the pontifex maximus and consul in 95 BC.

Around 79 BC, Mucia married Pompey, a leading and soon-to-be dominant figure in Roman politics. She was the mother of all three of Pompey's known children. Pompey divorced her in 61 BC, either for adultery or for political reasons. She subsequently married Marcus Aemilius Scaurus and remained active in Roman politics, leading peace talks between her son Sextus Pompey and Octavian in 39 BC and maintaining a relationship of mutual respect with Octavian in the years that followed.

Lollia was an Ancient Roman noblewoman. She was the wife of Roman general Aulus Gabinius. She was also a mistress of Julius Caesar.

Servilia Caepionis (d. MÖ 107 - ö. MÖ 42) tarihi kaynaklarda adı geçen birkaç Romalı kadından biri. Marcus Junius Brutus'ün annesi, Genç Cato'nun üvey kardeşi, Julius Caesar'ın metresi.

Cossutia was a Roman woman who became engaged to Julius Caesar prior to his reaching adulthood. There has been debate among historians on whether the marriage actually occurred.

Sempronia war eine römische Aristokratin der späten Republik. Sie war die Frau des Decimus Iunius Brutus, Konsul des Jahres 77 v. Chr., und nach Sallust aktive Teilnehmerin – zumindest Mitwisserin – an der catilinarischen Verschwörung.

Eunoé Maura (en berbère : ⴰⵡⵙⵏⵓⴼⴰ - Ausnufa) était une reine berbère de Maurétanie et épouse du roi Bogud.

Aussi connue sous le nom d'Euryes, Euries ou Eunoa.

Clodia Metelli, née Claudia vers 95 ou 94 av. J.-C. et appelée également Clodia, est une des femmes les plus connues du I^er siècle av. J.-C.

Elle est l’une des trois filles du patricien romain Appius Claudius Pulcher. Sa mère était, soit Caecilia Metella Balearica, soit sa cousine Caecilia Metella fille de Lucius Caecilius Metellus Diadematus. Clodia était la demi-sœur, entre autres, de Publius Clodius Pulcher et d’Appius Claudius Pulcher (consul en 54 av. J.-C.), qui avaient le même père mais pas la même mère.

Ниса (др.-греч. Νύσα) — дочь царя Вифинии Никомеда IV (по другим, видимо, устаревшим сведениям — Никомеда III), жившая в I веке до н. э.

Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator (Koine Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Θεά Φιλοπάτωρ, lit. 'Cleopatra father-loving goddess'; 70/69 BC – 10 or 12 August 30 BC) was Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt from 51 to 30 BC, and the last active Hellenistic pharaoh. A member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, she was a descendant of its founder Ptolemy I Soter, a Macedonian Greek general and companion of Alexander the Great. Her first language was Koine Greek, and she is the only Ptolemaic ruler known to have learned the Egyptian language, among several others. After her death, Egypt became a province of the Roman Empire, marking the end of the Hellenistic period in the Mediterranean, which had begun during the reign of Alexander (336–323 BC).

Born in Alexandria, Cleopatra was the daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes, who named her his heir before his death in 51 BC. Cleopatra began her reign alongside her brother Ptolemy XIII, but falling-out between them led to a civil war. Roman statesman Pompey fled to Egypt after losing the 48 BC Battle of Pharsalus against his rival Julius Caesar, the Roman dictator, in Caesar's civil war. Pompey had been a political ally of Ptolemy XII, but Ptolemy XIII had him ambushed and killed before Caesar arrived and occupied Alexandria. Caesar then attempted to reconcile the rival Ptolemaic siblings, but Ptolemy XIII's forces besieged Cleopatra and Caesar at the palace. Shortly after the siege was lifted by reinforcements, Ptolemy XIII died in the Battle of the Nile. Caesar declared Cleopatra and her brother Ptolemy XIV joint rulers, and maintained a private affair with Cleopatra which produced a son, Caesarion. Cleopatra traveled to Rome as a client queen in 46 and 44 BC, where she stayed at Caesar's villa. After Caesar's assassination, followed shortly afterwards by the sudden death of Ptolemy XIV (possibly murdered on Cleopatra's order), she named Caesarion co-ruler as Ptolemy XV.

In the Liberators' civil war of 43–42 BC, Cleopatra sided with the Roman Second Triumvirate formed by Caesar's heir Octavian, Mark Antony, and Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. After their meeting at Tarsos in 41 BC, the queen had an affair with Antony which produced three children. Antony became increasingly reliant on Cleopatra for both funding and military aid during his invasions of the Parthian Empire and the Kingdom of Armenia. The Donations of Alexandria declared their children rulers over various territories under Antony's authority. Octavian portrayed this event as an act of treason, forced Antony's allies in the Roman Senate to flee Rome in 32 BC, and declared war on Cleopatra. After defeating Antony and Cleopatra's naval fleet at the 31 BC Battle of Actium, Octavian's forces invaded Egypt in 30 BC and defeated Antony, leading to Antony's suicide. After his death, Cleopatra reportedly killed herself, probably by poisoning, to avoid being publicly displayed by Octavian in Roman triumphal procession.

Cleopatra's legacy survives in ancient and modern works of art. Roman historiography and Latin poetry produced a generally critical view of the queen that pervaded later Medieval and Renaissance literature. In the visual arts, her ancient depictions include Roman busts, paintings, and sculptures, cameo carvings and glass, Ptolemaic and Roman coinage, and reliefs. In Renaissance and Baroque art, she was the subject of many works including operas, paintings, poetry, sculptures, and theatrical dramas. She has become a pop culture icon of Egyptomania since the Victorian era, and in modern times, Cleopatra has appeared in the applied and fine arts, burlesque satire, Hollywood films, and brand images for commercial products.